Hand washing free essay sample

Exploration Proposal Sample on Do nurture in radiology wash their hands enough and of determined time length? Names: Nursing, Radiology Do nurture in radiology wash their hands sufficiently and of determined time length? 1. 0 Introduction Radiology alludes to the claim to fame of medication which manages the use of imaging innovation, for example, x-beam and radiation to diagnosing and rewarding ailment. Interventional radiology is performed with the direction of imaging advances. Clinical imaging is an element of the radiographer or the radiologic technologist. Radiology nurture additionally play out the clinical method wherein they give care and backing to patients experiencing analysis in radiation imaging conditions. A portion of the clinical methods that radiology medical caretakers include in are ultrasonography, attractive reverberation and radiation oncology. Then again, clinical hand cleanliness relates to the cleanliness rehearses identified with the organization of medication and clinical consideration which planned for forestalling or limiting infection and the spread of these sicknesses. We will compose a custom exposition test on Hand Washing or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Hand cleanliness implies to purge the hands of pathogens and synthetic substances which can additionally cause individual mischief or ailment, and is accomplished for at least 15 seconds to 2 to 6 minutes to 10 minutes. Nursing writing had since a long time ago perceived the significance of good hand cleanliness as a main consideration in forestalling the spread of ailment in the consideration condition. Ellwood (2002) noticed that it is improbable that medicinal services specialists watch such an indispensable practice. For radiology medical caretakers, they have an extraordinary chance to control nosocomial disease by going to hand washing. On the off chance that radiology medical attendants perform inadequately on this, paces of contamination would be high and in the event that they will perform well, patients will be saved of the abundance dismalness, mortality, longer hospitalizations, psychologic and social trouble, and expanded medicinal services costs related with preventable diseases (Delaney and Gunderman, 2008). In radiology nursing further, it is yet to find whether medical attendants are onsistent in performing such vital act. 2. 0 Problem Statement The key inquiry that will be tended to in this investigation is Do radiology attendants hold fast to the standard method of hand cleanliness sufficiently and viably? Other examination questions are: 1) How do radiology attendants see the methodology of hand cleanliness? 2) Generally, are radiology medical attendants mindful of the inconvenien ces of ill-advised hand cleanliness? 3) What are the reasons why radiology medical caretakers perform inadequately or well with regards to hand cleanliness? 3. 0 Aim and Objectives The principle point of this examination is to assess whether radiology medical attendants are very much aware and skilled of the hand cleanliness system. In particular, the exploration indicates to:  · Determine the view of radiology medical attendants of hand cleanliness  · Distinguish the explanations for why radiology medical attendants perform, deficiently perform and don't perform hand cleanliness 4. 0 Methodology The exploration technique that the investigation will use is the unmistakable strategy. An expressive examination plans to introduce realities concerning the nature and status of a circumstance, as it exists at the hour of the investigation (Creswell, 1994). It is additionally worried about connections and practices that exist, convictions and procedures that are continuous, impacts that are being felt, or patterns that are growing (Best, 1970). Likewise, such methodology attempts to portray current conditions, occasions or frameworks dependent on the impressions or responses of the respondents of the exploration (Creswell, 1994). Engaging examinations utilize perception. The analyst will watch and record the procedure and the time spent by radiology nurture in washing their hands through n perception log/plan. This examination is likewise cross-sectional in view of constrained time. This exploration is an investigation of a specific wonder (or marvels) at a specific time. (Saunders et al, 2003) Accordingly, cross-sectional investigations regularly utilize the review procedure, and they might be trying to depict the rate of a marvel or to look at factors in changed associations. The examination will review 100 radiology medical caretakers. In this investigation, essential and auxiliary examination will be both consolidated. The explanation behind this is to have the option to give sufficient conversation to the perusers that will assist them with seeing progressively about the issue and the various factors that include with it. The essential information for the investigation will be spoken to by the overview results that will be procured from the respondents. Then again, the writing audits to be introduced in the second part of the investigation will speak to the auxiliary information of the examination. The auxiliary wellsprings of information will originate from distributed articles from books, diaries and postulations and related investigations. References Best, J. W. (1970). Examination in Education, second Ed. Englewood Cliffs, N. J. : Prentice Hall, Inc. Creswell, J. W. 1994. Exploration structure. Subjective and quantitative methodologies. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage. Delaney, L R Gunderman, R B 2008, Hand Hygiene, Radiology Journal. Ellwood, J 2002, Hands on: a basic gander at contamination control, recovered on 27 October 2009, from http://www. aromacaring. co. uk. Saunders, M. , Lewis, P. what's more, Thornhill, A. (2003). Exploration Methods for Business Students, third Ed. London: Prentice Hall Financial Times.

A Nightmare On Elm Street :: essays research papers fc

     At when the stalker film had been abused to all finishes and the picture of quiet, faltering, awful executioners had been scratched into society’s awareness to the point of fatigue, another child entered the square. It was 1984 and it was the ideal opportunity for another lowlife to go into the frightfulness type. A scalawag that was deft, astute, practically sacred yet thick, and by all methods dangerous. A Nightmare on Elm Street presented the unmistakable nearness of Fred Krueger to the awfulness business and to the crowd. Freddy Krueger took the inside stage and with him another time of blood and gore movies started. This appallingly scarred man who wore a worn out sluggard cap, filthy red-and-green striped sweater, and a glove equipped with blades at the fingers reevaluated the stalker sort like no other film had. Fred Krueger inhaled new life into the withering repulsiveness kind of the mid 1980’s. Blood and gore movies are intended to startle the crowd and draw in them in their most noticeably terrible feelings of trepidation, while enamoring and engaging simultaneously. Blood and gore movies regularly focus on the darker side of life, on what is taboo and weird. These movies play with society’s fears, its nightmare’s and defenselessness, the dread of the obscure, the dread of death, the loss of character, and the dread of sexuality. Blood and gore movies are commonly set in creepy old chateaus, mist ridden territories, or dull regions with obscure human, otherworldly or unusual animals sneaking about. These animals can go from vampires, psychos, fallen angels, unpleasant phantoms, beasts, crazy lab rats, devils, zombies, underhanded spirits, sinister lowlifess, the had, werewolves and monstrosities to the inconspicuous and even the minor nearness of wickedness. Inside the class of thrillers falls the sub-sort of youngster slasher/stalker films. These youngster slasher/stalker films consider the awfulness classification film qualities, anyway they add more to the equation. More viciousness, perversion, mercilessness, and realistic violence are utilized to build the fear factor. Sexuality and unwarranted bareness are likewise key trait of a large number of these movies. Impersonations and various spin-offs are likewise a typical attribute of high schooler slasher/stalker films also. A Nightmare on Elm Street and the entirety of the accompanying six continuations fall into its own sub-kind of the teenager slasher/stalker sub-class too, know as the Nightmare on Elm Street Series. This arrangement of movies adds another measurement to the regular youngster slasher/stalker film, profundity of character and story.

Pimp my sukkah.

Pimp my sukkah. DID YOU KNOW? If you eat too many carrots, your skin will turn orange due to excess carotene. So, Im not Jewish. Not that theres anything wrong with that! But no, really, Im not Jewish. Not even a little bit. From: Jordyn To: [emailprotected] Date: 10/5/2006 1:24 PM Subject: Pimp My Sukkah. Hello everyone! FYSH (first year students of Hillel) is holding a fantastic event TODAY in our Sukkah on the Kresge Oval. Well be decorating the Sukkah in the most fantastic of ways (think Pimp My Ride meets the MIT Sukkah) and enjoying Pizza (in the Hut). Come by and join us, well be there from 4-6:30. See you there! Jordyn But just you try telling that to MIT Hillel! I think that one time there was some form or something that I had to send back to MIT, and it asked for my religious affiliation and I left it blank, because thats pretty much accurate. Boy, that was a mistake. Apparently having no apparent religion and a last name that isnt Kim or Rizos or Lzhpb*n!xobile is code for JEWISH! in Hillels book. Actually, one of my really, really Catholic friends with an equally German last name is also on Hillels mailing list, so at a university where Chang takes up two entire pages of the campus phone directory, maybe presumed ehtnicity is really the only criterion they use. Anyway, my first encounter with Hillel was when I received my first admission-related mailing from MIT. It contained a form to apply for my student ID, a form to apply for my athena username, some instructions on the incoming freshmen essay and math evaluations, and, of course, a green pin with M.I.T written on it in Hebrew. I think I ended up giving that one to one of my (actually Jewish) friends as a novelty item. So then I got to campus and everything was great. I made new friends, freaked out over 8.01 exams, got free food, stalked fellow studentson the internetyou know, general freshman stuff. I just thought it was weird that I kept getting e-mails from Hilleevery two days inviting me to all of their events. But whatever, I was a frosh and didnt know how to use Moira to unsubscribe myself, and at that time I loved reading e-mails! I didnt worry too much about it. Then one fine afternoon I was in the middle of Mastering Physics when the phone rang in my dorm room. David: Its for you, man. Me: Hello? Hillel: Hey, Sam? Sam: Yes. Hillel: Hey, this is Hillel. Were going to services for Yom Kippur tomorrow and we wanted to know if you wanted to come with us. Sam: Yeah, you guys have been really nice to me and everything, and I really appreciate all the hospitality youve shown me, but Im actually not Jewish. Hillel: Oh, okay. *click* Ha! Thats the end of that story, I thought. No no, not really. The e-mails kept on coming, and over the next few months I got a dreidel for Hannukah and some kind of delicious candy, Kosher for Passover. To tell you the truth, that was WAY better than the candy cane and easter egg I got from Campus Crusade for Christ, so I considered converting for a few days. No no, not really. But I dont know why everybody is so down on organized religion all the time. And I kept reading the e-mails, just for my own amusement. A kosher chili cookoff (no cheese on top, I guess?). A Latke-Hamentaschen debate. Some kind of party held at the height of Nellys popularity, which bore the slogan Its getting hot in herre, so emigrate to Israel with all your clothes! A Hawaii-themed Jew-au at the MIT skating rink. A party to redo all the CPW assignments and match up Jewish prefrosh with Jewish hosts. By sophomore year I was getting smarterI understood how mailing lists worked, for one thing. So after the latest extravaganza of Judaism that I couldnt go to anyway, I decided to take myself off the Hillel mailing list Well, thats about five less e-mails a week Ill get. I thought. But to no avail. After a quiet period of about two weeks, I started getting the e-mails againand this time, they were BCCed! Curses! Now I didnt even know which of the 73 Hillel-related mailing lists I was on. Looking back, I think its kind of like the Borgwhenever you defeat them, they come up with a new defense system so they cant be defeated again by that same method. I wonder if anyone in Hillel will ever read this entry. And if so, how long it will stay up after that. Still, I didnt get any more candy from them after that, so maybe somebody in their administration took the hint, or just has it out for me now. Anyway, the point of this entry is that if Habitat for Humanity were as passionate about recruiting as MIT Hillel is, all of America east of the Mississippi would just be one giant suburb. Oh, and they also sent me this comic about a Shabot 6000, the Jewish robot. Really!

The Merry Wives of Windsor - Theme Analysis

The Merry Wives of Windsor is a real romp of a Shakespeare comedy and is characterized by a feminist theme throughout. The women of the play win over the men, and the poorly-behaved Falstaff is made to pay for his treatment of women. In The Merry Wives of Windsor, theme is incredibly important, as our analysis reveals. Theme One: Celebration of Women The premise of the play is that wives are permitted to be strong, spirited and merry. They can lead full and vivid lives and can simultaneously be virtuous and faithful to their husbands. Ironically the women are the most morally righteous having been accused by Ford of adultery his wife cures her husband of his jealousy. Meanwhile Anne teaches her father and mother about marrying for love as opposed to status. Theme Two: Outsiders The Merry Wives of Windsor is one of Shakespeare’s most Middle Class plays. Anyone coming from outside that social structure or from outside the confines of Windsor are viewed with suspicion. Caius is from France and Sir Hugh Evans has a welsh accent, both are mocked for their pronunciation and their point of difference. Both Shallow and Slender’s  high minded pretentions in relation to the monarchy are mocked. Aristocracy is resented by many of the characters in the play. Fenton is penniless but high born. He is not considered to be worthy of Anne because of his background and his supposed desire for Anne’s money. Falstaff has become the town’s scapegoat due to his financially motivated plans to seduce the two mistresses. The town’s opposition to his links with aristocracy are evident in their support of Falstaff’s humiliation. However, this divide between the aristocracy and the middle classes is reconciled with the union of Anne and Fenton. Falstaff is encouraged to dress as one of the Mistresses Aunts and is beaten by Ford. Not only humiliated by tranvestisism but also beaten down by a man. This echoes the elopement of Caius and Slender at the end of the play who are paired off with two young boys who they mistakenly believe to be Anne. This hint at homosexuality and cross dressing also threatens the middle class world that is created in and is against the norm of a romantic wedding that forms the conclusion of the play. In the same way that financially orchestrated marriages and adultery also threaten the normality of Middle Class existence. Having said this, the cross dressing in the play where Caius and Slender are paired off with two young boys is paralleled with the fact that Anne would have actually been played by a boy in Shakespeare’s time and so the audience have had to suspend their disbelief in the same way that Caius and Slender were willing to. Theme Three: Jealousy Ford is desperately jealous of his wife and is willing to dress in disguise as ‘Brooke’ to catch her out. She teaches him a lesson by allowing him to believe for a while that she is cheating. She eventually lets him in on the plot to humiliate Falstaff and he realizes the error of his ways. That said, we are unsure as to whether Ford really is cured of his jealously. He is apologetic at the end of the play but he now knows that no one is in pursuit of his wife any longer. Equally Falstaff is jealous of the wealth enjoyed by the Fords’ and the Pages’ and he sets out to destroy them by ruining their marriages and their reputations. He is taught his lesson by the women in the play and suitably humiliated but not completely shunned as he is invited to join in with the revelry. Jealousy is treated in the play as a thing to be cured by humiliation. Whether this is a successful tactic remains to be seen. As a moral leveler, the Pages’ are taught a lesson by their daughter and the middle classes absorb the outsiders in the spirit of inclusivity despite their initial resistance. The idea of acceptance and inclusivity reign at the end of the play.

Treatment of Nature by William Wordsworth and Samuel...

William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge had vastly different writing styles as well as opinions of the material they treated in their writing. One of the primary differences between the two is how each treats nature in his work. Wordsworth, in his self-proclaimed writing like the common man, often expresses a nostalgic appreciation for nature, as can be seen in â€Å"Tintern Abbey†. On the other hand, Coleridge’s character, the mariner from â€Å"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,† scorns nature and only learns to respect it, not necessarily to love it. Coleridge treats the supernatural far more than Wordsworth, and it is debatable as to whether or not his frequent use of opium contributes to this tendency. Overall, it stands to reason†¦show more content†¦Nature, to him, was a raw form of pleasure in his younger days and he often enjoys reminiscing on a more innocent time in his life. Coleridge’s message about Nature is conveyed through his narrator, the mariner, in the â€Å"Rime of the Ancient Mariner.† Whether or not Coleridge shared his opinion is questionable, but the moral of the poem seems to imply, somewhat half-heartedly, that nature is only worthy of respect, not admiration. Coleridge’s tone throughout the poem implies distaste toward nature. For example, toward the beginning of the poem, the narrator says, â€Å"the ice was here, the ice was there, the ice was all around: it cracked and growled, and roared and howled, like noises in a swound!† (lines 59-63). Indeed, three of the four verbs attributed to the ice are very natural words: growled, roared, and howled. These words are read menacingly, as if even the inanimate ice posed a threat in its connection with nature. Sixty lines later, a very similar stanza describes the cruelly ironic water, and he says â€Å"water, water, every where†¦ nor any drop to drink† (lines 118-122). Clearly the mariner resents something in nature enough to shoot down the Albatross which gave his crew fair sailing. Bearing the curse of the bird, he can only prosper again when he appreciates the â€Å"happy living things†Show MoreRelatedThe Romantic Movement Of William Wordsworth And Samuel Taylor Coleridge Essay1427 Words   |  6 Pagesspiritual elements of nature and used metaphors as an inspiration. Nature was a significant theme for the duration of this period since supernatural things began in our imagination. Many sonnets were created using freedom of thought however these writings soon shifted to an imagination method (natural surroundings) from a structured method (surroundings) (add cite) During this era poets express their feelings for the love of poetry by conveying nature in their writings. Nature is considered an authoritativeRead MoreThe Life Of Dorothy Wordsworth And John Keats946 Words   |  4 Pagessurfaced: William Blake, William Wordsworth, Percy Shelley, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Byron, and John Keats. Included in this list should be Dorothy Wordsworth and Mary Wollstonecraft. The eighteenth century produce material that shattered the fundamental’s of society. On Christmas day in 1771, Dorothy Wordsworth was born. When her mother passed away seven years later, young Dorothy was shuffled from one relative to another. Even though her brothers received an education and she didn’t, William willinglyRead More Millennialism and Apocalypse Thought in S. T. Coleridge and William Wordsworths Poetics2877 Words   |  12 Pagesmissing some works cited Tintern Abbey: Millennialism and Apocalypse Thought in S. T. Coleridge and William Wordsworths Poetics Storming of the Bastille 1789 [1] During and in the aftermath of the French Revolution, millennialist thought – independent of the myriad of economic and historical reasons for its precipitation – influenced many authors. Many people perceived the French Revolution as a foreshadowing of an Apocalypse that would usher in a new millenarian epoch, one levellingRead MoreThe Romantic Movement1322 Words   |  5 Pagesincorporated many of these principles in her own novel, Frankenstein. She was apprehensive about the healing powers of nature in the face of unnatural events, the use of one’s knowledge for good or evil intentions, the way the uneducated or poor were treated, and the rapid increase of technology into the modern day. Mary Shelley was born in London, England on August 30, 1797. Her parents were William Godwin, a philosopher, and Mary Wollestonecraft, a feminist. Her parents were well-known writers during theRead MoreRomanticism Essay1493 Words   |  6 Pagesthe 19th century from the period of the French revolution in 1789. Romantic artists’ glorified nature, idealized the past, and celebrated the divinity of creation. There is a fundamental emphasis on freedom of self expression, sincerity, spontaneity and originality. The movement rebelled against classicism, and artists turned to sources of inspiration for subject matter and artistic style. Their treatment of subject was emotional rather than reasonable, intuitive rather than analytical. Among otherRead MoreThe Romantic Era Of Samuel Taylor Coleridge And His Good Friend William Wordsworth2136 Words   |  9 PagesSamuel Taylor Coleridge was a philosopher and writer in the Romantic era. Coleridge and his good friend William Wordsworth h elped if not lead the transition of literature into the Romantic era. Coleridge was an eclectic, someone who borrows ideas from another individual and makes them their own; he actually even went as far as stealing some ideas from most of the philosophers’ works he read. Using the ideas and philosophies from others such as Kant and Schelling, as well as his own, Coleridge becameRead MoreThe Romantic Period and Robert Burns Essay984 Words   |  4 Pagessociety makes them bad. If the social world could be changed, all men might be happier. Many reforms were suggested: better treatment of people in prisons and almshouses; fewer death penalties for minor crimes; and an increase in charitable institutions. Romanticism was a powerful reaction against Neoclassicism in liberation of the imagination and rediscovery of nature. English romantic writers tended to turn their backs upon cities and centers of culture for their inspiration, and to seekRead MoreWilliam Wordsworth And The Industrial Revolution1926 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Wordsworth and the Industrial Revolution During the Industrial Revolution there was a dramatic change in Britain, which instigated social and economic problems Throughout Britain. During the Industrial Revolution, romantic poets such as William Wordsworth, along with other romantic artists, inflicted a positive aspect on the Industrial Revolution due to creating images that revealed everything as being beautiful and expressed the simple life. William Wordsworth illustrates an abundance ofRead MoreThe Glorious Faculty: a Critical Analysis of Addison’s Theory of Imagination in ‘the Pleasures of Imagination’2701 Words   |  11 Pagesmy paper. (I) An auxilier light Came from my mind which on the setting sun Bestow’d new splendor †¦[1] - William Wordsworth (II) Ah ! from the soul itself must issue forth A light, a glory, a fair luminous cloud![2] - S. T. Coleridge The synthesizing ‘essemplastic power’[3] of imagination that bestows ‘splendor’ on beauty, enabling the Romantic poet to transcreate reality in terms of anRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1868 Words   |  8 Pagestries to attain food by entering a hut, â€Å"the children [shriek]†¦[as] some [villagers] attack [him]† (Shelley 74). Due to the Monster’s appearances, the whole village immediately believes he was evil, which provokes them to attack. This is unfair treatment because the Monster was not even looking for a fight. Hence, this mistreatment validates that there is a need for equality regardless of one’s appearances. Nevertheless the monster may look frightening, but he does not deserve such abuse due to his

The last supper -movie satire analysis Free Essays

After having buried 10 conservationists , the students have a garden full of tomatoes proving that † conservationists serve great as fertilizers†(NOT) and since that in life they served no good to the society from the liberals point of view, in death they can. The students invite the guests with an already planned ending for all of them: death. They are in continuous disagreement with them in order to find something that they , n turn, see as wrong and reason the death of the guest , this taking some of the guilt off their shoulders and considering it a â€Å"good gets for society’ . We will write a custom essay sample on The last supper -movie satire analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now At the slightest â€Å"counter-idea† they hurry the dinner and get to the exciting part of it by using phrases such as: â€Å"it’s time for dessert â€Å". Len the movie ,this is seen in the scene where the anti ecologist gradually considers their point of view as well and starts rethinking; confused of him agreeing to the libertarian point of view, and used to Just having their guests poisoned, the group of students does not break the â€Å"Sunday ritual† and assures the guest( by saying † you are entitled to your own opinion†) , who comes back to his conservationists point of view. This goes to the original argument :insignificance of life. As the movie progresses the students kill more and more people ;slowly not taking into consideration their status in society , Just their â€Å"closed-minded† ideas. The director stops introducing the guests by their names as they will eventually die;instead, continues by defining(l want to say it in a different way) them by their causes and slowly Just shows the piles of soil that were once their guests. The students decide a matter of life and death by either last questioning the guest : â€Å"if you were in a bar with a guy called Doll Hitler , would you kill him to save all those life’s or would you let him live†? Or â€Å"it’s 4 to 1 . He lives. † This again, shows the insignificance of life and how little they care for the others and their fate. RACISM (DISCRIMINATION AGAINST BLACKS ) From the very beginning ,Luke is the one who initiates the idea of having â€Å"the deadly dinner† ,even though his colleagues are reluctant. He is also the one to have suggested not to call the police ,and instead Just hide the murder . While he starts off as the most rational in critical situations, he becomes the most irrational ,cruel and â€Å"quick-tempered† ; he is also very sarcastic throughout the movie ( † keep them in the kitchen barefoot and pregnant† he says to a sex offender they have had as guest) . By the end of the movie he loses control and gets to the point where he is about to kill one of his own mends. THE LAST SUPPER (RELIGIOUS REFERENCE) In the movie, the 5 students are supposed to take the place of the apostles and the guests are Jesus, who is going to be sacrificed. The characters are also given names of apostles Dude,Pauline,Marc,Luke and Pete) The difference is , the roles are reversed, while the apostles are meant to spread the good word of â€Å"Jesus† to other people, they kill him. This could also mean that the students represent only two apostles :Judas(who betrayed Jesus) and Peter (who denies he knows him ) ;While Jesus is aware of his scarification , the guests aren’t . The guests are also served â€Å"very good food† as it will be their last meal . Unlike most movies where good always wins over bad in the end, â€Å"The last supper† ends by having Norman -(the very conservatism celebrity that is present in short scenes throughout the movie ,watched and critiqued by the students ) killing the 5 students with their own weapon and later describing himself as a â€Å"humble ,humble servant† in his presidential campaign. Why is it being satirized? ) I believe that the director is trying to say that both the right and left wing /wingers can become evil/ harmful when taken to the extreme :extreme conservationists ( the guests) and extreme liberalizes(the students) 2) Another problem I think the director meant to point out how easily people lose their life’s over different causes (like those mentioned in the movie: homosexuality , anti-ecologist, racism). This makes me wonder ,† Is it really worth it to die for it or to ta ke a life? And â€Å"When can you say it was right for you to decide that someone’s existence isn’t important to the society anymore ? † . This argument can be evidenced by history itself. Situations where people have died and been killed because their opinions or way of being did not correspond to the majority are many, hence Stalin’s saying : † If you are not with us , you are against us. â€Å"Another example is the time of â€Å"The inquisition† (an example Ewing Galileo Gillie’s scientifically proven idea that the earth revolves around the sun did not correspond to the original statement . N order to avoid imprisonment , he was forced to deny his statement. ) 3) Throughout history , â€Å"blacks† have always been seen as the â€Å"bad guys† with bad intentions . Len the movie , they have chosen the â€Å"head of the plan† ,a black , meaning to make fun of the concept and the stereotyping . 4) â€Å"Good does n’t always win in the end , especially in the real world† is what the directors expressed through their last scene . Corrupted people become the leaders of our countries. Is it effective? In my opinion, â€Å"The last supper† is a good movie, with a well-planned plot that is rather a continuous sarcastic response to certain topics such as : discrimination, the unnecessary deaths of people and intolerance. This film made me question my own tolerance of different views; it also made me think of how ,as a libertarian myself do I change the world without imposing my own views. Some minus points , from my perspective, are the repetitive scenes in the dining room of the guests and the students and the rushed through scenes that take place in the middle of the movie. How to cite The last supper -movie satire analysis, Papers

Was The First World War A Total free essay sample

Was The First World War A? Total War? For Britain? Essay, Research Paper ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? To make up ones mind whether or non the First World War was a? Entire War? we have to look at the significance of the look. Entire War is the entire battle of a state? s economic, societal, cultural, and political capital in the war. ? Britain did prosecute all sides of its capital in the war attempt and was successful in its allotment of it. ? They had to make full stations left by work forces who had gone to war with adult females and every side of life had to associate to the campaign. ? In my sentiment the First World War was a? Entire War? for Britain. ? It cost them 1000000s of lbs, a great sum of lives were lost and wasted, and gold militias were shattered in wartime trading. ? The war besides changed the manner in which many people lived and entitled people to many new rights, these were chiefly for the adult females of the clip. We will write a custom essay sample on Was The First World War A Total or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Women played a major portion in winning the First World War and many work forces who had antecedently opposed adult females holding a ballot rapidly changed their opinions. ? Women had been seeking for old ages before to acquire the rights to vote and many adult females had taken extreme steps to seek to derive it. ? The Suffragette motion was a major run during the period 1906 and 1914, which involved much force and involved many adult females acquiring arrested. ? ? The run did non make them many favors and many work forces were convinced that adult females were excessively unstable and hysterical to hold the ballot, but, with all recognition to them, when the war came along many adult females stopped their runs and helped in the attempt deriving them support from many work forces who had antecedently opposed them holding rights to vote. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Throughout the war the authorities, as a manner to acquire work forces to draftee, used women. ? Womans were encouraged to holding nil to make with work forces who didn? Ts do their? responsibility? , but alternatively promote those who did. ? When supplies of work forces did run low adult females were neer conscripted and alternatively were used in runs to assist carry work forces to enlist. ? One of the most major runs used to do work forces inscribe was the posting in 1915 with a small miss inquiring her Father? Daddy, what did you make in the Great War? ? ? Trying to do work forces experience guilty worked and many signed up, as they believed that adult females would non esteem them if they did non fight. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Women helped in many other facets of war. ? They took over functions of work forces who had gone to war in the mills and in the Fieldss. ? They besides filled stations that adult females were expected to make full, like voluntary nursing, military nursing, canteen staff, Salvation Army, and Christian organisations. ? Although adult females were non allowed to travel to the forepart until 1918, the? Women? s Army Auxiliary Corps? was set up in February 1917, aimed to direct adult females out to replace work forces in ground forces bases, place and off. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Many adult females who had a occupation did non work in mills as they were seen as unsafe and adult females were expected to remain at place, they were believed to hold a particular ability in doing the place feel homely. ? Those who did work were in the center categories and worked as nurses, primary instructors, and societal work. ? The war saw a break down of these barriers that adult females worked behind and they started working in all facets of employment. ? The lower categories who were told the best work for them was domestic service, which protected them from the dangers of mill work like sex and drink, took up functions in mills, chiefly munitions. ? These weaponries mills were non good for their wellness as ill made bombs were leaking toxic gases, these gases were turning their teguments orange and hair ginger but against all odds adult females felt they had to go on to assist their state. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The figure of adult females working in these mills rose by 145 % between 1914 and 1916. ? Four old ages subsequently, by 1918, this had risen to 333 % compared with the beginning of the war. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? As adult females started working many things changed for them. ? Women started making all the things that work forces might hold done, travel to pubs, eating houses, dances and theatre. ? Hair and skirts got shorter as a consequence of mill work these things were seen to do working harder. ? As adult females took over the running of the state many other things changed. ? Womans were allowed into the constabulary force and they had their really ain constabularies service. ? This service would supervise departures on at music halls, film, railroad Stationss and Parkss. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? There were still category barriers even when adult females were involved. ? Some towns would non let adult females? of a certain category? to travel out between 7pm and 8am. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The adult females? s function in the war was really important but they had a batch of problem seeking to assist. ? Male trade brotherhoods were worried that if adult females took the occupations of work forces the work forces would non be able to acquire them back when they returned from the war. ? As a consequence of this many employers, and the authorities agreed with the trade brotherhoods that all occupations should be returned. ? This clearly proves that adult females were in the war attempt to assist, as they had no opportunity of maintaining their occupation after the war. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? All these alterations for adult females had a knock on consequence on many facets of life. ? There were many societal alterations, due to the authoritiess plan to acquire adult females to acquire promote work forces to subscribe up and to promote them all the manner, many adult females were assisting in other methods too. ? When work forces were place on leave many adult females would? Give them a God clip? as the work forces might non populate to see them again. ? By the terminal of the war the bastardy rate was about 6 % . ? Many adult females had given up harlotry because they had proper jobs. ? The thought of a good clip in that period was sex and intoxicant, ? nice? misss seemed to be more willing and the state had changed a batch socially. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The war was decidedly a entire war, it affected societal, lt ;< p>economic and cultural traditions and the state changed rapidly. ? It was non wholly good and many people were non happy with adult females imbibing in saloon. ? Many working category adult females would often see saloon, it fitted in with mill work and many workers would travel for a pint after work, on Saturday darks Police constables, Bishops and Magistrates stood outside and counted the figure of adult females traveling in. ? I think that people in these places felt their occupations were threatened and they seemed prepared to make whatever they could to halt adult females holding a opportunity at acquiring their jobs. ? They claimed that adult females were irresponsible and their topographic point was in the place. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? In 1918, for one time, work forces had more sexual rights than there are today. ? Work forces were impeaching many adult females of seeking to hold sex with them who had venereal disease. ? There was a opinion by the authorities that if a adult female with VD had or tried to hold sex with a adult male in the ground forces or naval forces she could be prosecutes and imprisoned, whereas work forces with VD would confront no punishment. ? This is clear sexism but there has been a function reversal since so. ? This has changed really much since so and work forces who have tried to impeach adult females of sexually hassling them have lost their cases. ? It shows that the authorities at the clip were making their best to maintain the adult females under control. ? They already were making many of the work forces? s occupations and were taking up many of the work forces? s pastimes. ? They could non hold adult females halting work forces contending by giving them VD. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? With all the demands of working in mills manner changed to co-inside with the type of work they would be doing. ? Long skirts would hold got in the manner so they were shortened and as the war finished this was restored. ? The half-slip was lost and chapeaus were made smaller, all these alterations were made? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? People were prepared to restrict their freedom of address they were entitled to. ? At this clip newspapers and periodicals were a major beginning of information about the war effort. ? A periodical like? The Illustrated London News? carried narratives and peculiarly exposure from the forepart line. ? To maintain liquors high at place, paper editors sometimes withheld information that might take down the lesson of the country. ? On August 15 a letter writer for? The Times? newspaper watched British military personnels who had merely crossed to France, processing to their cantonments above Boulogne studies? Watch them as they pass, every adult male in the prime of life, non a young person or stripling among them. ? Their shirts are unfastened at the forepart, and as they shout you can see the working of the musculuss of their pharynxs, their wide-open oral cavities and rows of dazing teeth. ? Every motion spells fittingness for the field, for long Marches by twenty-four hours and longer darks in the trenches. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? He continued? I can see them once more, with their brown, reasonably faces, full of laughter, and hear them still shouting and vocalizing, ? It? s a long manner to Tipperary, it? s a long manner to travel, ? while the officers, with the quiet, confident smilings ride between, raising custodies in salutation to their Gallic companions in weaponries on the pavements. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Donald Hankey fought on the Somme, he was the brother of the British Cabinet Secretary, and he sent an history of what he had seen to the editor of the Spectator magazine, for which he had written a figure of articles while in France. ? The editor, nevertheless, in what he regarded as the involvement of nationalism, refused to print it. ? Hankey wrote, ? Here we are where we started. ? Day and dark we have done nil but bring in the hurt and the dead. ? When one sees the dead, their limbs crushed and mangled, one can merely hold repugnance for war. ? It was easy to speak of glorification and gallantry when one sees the dead, their limbs crushed and mutilated and tortured dead, one can merely experience the horror and evil of war. ? Indeed it is an evil crop, sown of pride and haughtiness and lecherousness of power. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? I felt these articles were really strong in demoing that there were many other ways in which people were assisting out in the war effort. ? The editor went against his duty to give the truth to maintain the lesson of the state winging high. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The First World War was really expensive for Britain, our debts were immense and this was non helped by the fact we had to compose off 757 million lbs of debts owed to us by the Russian Tsar. ? We were besides owed about as much from France and Italy. ? We owed over 800 million lbs to the United States. ? We were still paying off out debt in 1965. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? We did non merely loose money we besides lost a immense sum of our gold debt. ? Twelve states increased their gold debts as a consequence of the First World War. ? The greatest gainer was the United States, whose gold contraries increased by # 163 ; 278 million. ? Japan was the 2nd most successful and they gained # 163 ; 183 million. ? By contrast, the principal masters, every bit good as the vanquished, were saddled with a considerable depletion of their gold militias. ? Germany headed the list of the vanquished by losing # 163 ; 123 million. ? Britain headed the list of the masters with a loss of 342 million. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? With all this grounds and facts I feel that the First World War was decidedly an battle of Britain? s economic, cultural, societal and political capital, a entire war. ? Many things changed because of the war either for better or for worse, many things had to alter for a opportunity of success. ? Britain engaged its resources sanely but was still stretched to happen sufficiency of everything to win. ? Women played a major function in the war attempt and their aid back place was merely as of import as those on the forepart line. ? There is non one thing that during that period did non associate to the war attempt and everything that was possible, was done.`

Secrets to a Successful Marketing Strategy by EssaySupply.com

Secrets to a Successful Marketing Strategy Secrets to a Successful Marketing Strategy Marketing has only one goal – to get customers. Years ago, someone opened a business and advertised in the newspaper and on the radio. S/he put big signs in the windows advertising sales. Not a lot of that happens anymore, except for television advertising that that the big players can afford. Now, it’s all about being found online, and being found everywhere online; it’s about driving traffic to your website; it’s about creating content that is wonderfully engaging; and it is about being all over social media. And the goal is conversions – whether that is capturing an email address for future marketing communication or, ultimately, getting someone to take a free trial or, ultimately make that purchase. There’s a Lot of Research Out There People have been at this content marketing stuff for a long time now, and there are very sophisticated tools and strategies that you can take advantage of, if you want the right plan of action to spread your brand, generate traffic, and get those conversions. Use the strategies that the experts tell you are correct, and you will achieve your goals. Three big things should drive everything you do – spreading your brand, building relationships, and using analytics to target your market. Spreading Your Brand The web-based shopper has to know you exist. You can’t just build a â€Å"killer† website and think these shoppers will come. You have to go to them, and you have to do this in smart ways. Here is what you must do at a minimum: Get a blog. Get a great blog. This means that you have absolutely great content that people want to read and share with others. It means that the content you have will be noticed by search engines, so that your SEO rankings will rise. You can’t just slap up a few posts each week. Those posts have to be engaging and compelling, written well, and give readers something they need or enjoy. If you do not have the time to maintain an absolutely extraordinary blog, then you need to contract with people to do this for you. Over time, the expense will more than pay for itself. If you don’t know where to go for experts, you can begin with an online essay writing service that has real pros for copywriting. They are pretty reasonable and will see to it that your blog posts are absolutely stellar. Get all over social media. Tell great stories about yourself and your team. Solve problems for people. Run contests; conduct surveys; offer special deals; offer free things with links to your website for them to get the great stuff you are offering. Give â€Å"teasers† to those great posts that are now on your blog to drive you targets to your site. Remember – brand spreading is a long-term, gradual process. Be patient – if you do it right, it will happen! Building Relationships Shoppers today want to know who they are buying from – particularly Millennials who were responsible for $5 billion in Internet sales last year. Customers are not walking into your store and having conversations with you. They are finding you online, and building relationships are much harder. So, here is what has to be done: Your blog and your social media pages need to tell your story and the stories of your team. Get lots of photos and videos up there that show you and your team at work and at play. Take up a cause and show how committed you are to it. Offer to donate to that cause with each purchase; publicize you and your team participating in events sponsored by that cause. You can do something as simple as sponsor a child or two in a third world nation and post photos and updates; if you are local, find a local charity with which to become involved. Millennials want to do business with companies that take social responsibility seriously. Feature your customers as much as possible – have a customer of the month. Have a contest and publicize the winners. Using Analytics Start with Google Analytics and then graduate to more sophisticated tools such as those offered by Crazy Egg. You know who your target market is. Now find out where they hang out online; find out when and from where visitors come to your site; learn about where they stay and when and where they bounce out; learn which devices they are using. All of this information should drive your site content, the CTA’s you use, and the design of content for multiple devices. You can have a great website that really rocks on a PC, but if your targets are using tablets and phones, and you have not re-designed for those devices, you have lost them. If you don’t have the time, hire this out. It’s just too important! The big takeaway if this: It takes time for a marketing strategy to work. If you are not seeing results in a week or two, do not â€Å"jump ship.† It takes months, and progress is gradual.

The Boxer Rebellion in Chinese History

The Boxer Rebellion in Chinese History Beginning in 1899, the Boxer Rebellion was an uprising in China against foreign influence in religion, politics, and trade. In the fighting, the Boxers killed thousands of Chinese Christians and attempted to storm the foreign embassies in Beijing. Following a 55-day siege, the embassies were relieved by 20,000 Japanese, American, and European troops. In the wake of the rebellion, several punitive expeditions were launched and the Chinese government was forced to sign the Boxer Protocol which called for the rebellions leaders to be executed and the payment of financial reparations to the injured nations. Dates The Boxer Rebellion began in November 1899, in the Shandong Province and ended on September 7, 1901, with the signing of the Boxer Protocol. Outbreak The activities of the Boxers, also known as the Righteous and Harmonious Society Movement, began in the Shandong Province of eastern China in March 1898. This was largely in response to the failure of the governments modernization initiative, the Self-Strengthening Movement, as well as the German occupation of the Jiao Zhou region and the British seizure of Weihai. The first signs of unrest appeared in a village after a local court ruled in favor of giving a local temple over to the Roman Catholic authorities for use as a church. Upset by the decision, the villagers, led by Boxer agitators, attacked the church. The Uprising Grows While the Boxers initially pursued an anti-government platform, they shifted to an anti-foreigner agenda after being severely beaten by Imperial troops in October 1898. Following this new course, they fell upon Western missionaries and Chinese Christians who they viewed as agents of foreign influence. In Beijing, the Imperial court was controlled by ultra-conservatives who supported the Boxers and their cause. From their position of power, they forced the Empress Dowager Cixi to issue edicts endorsing the Boxers activities, which angered foreign diplomats. The Legation Quarter Under Attack In June 1900, the Boxers, along with parts of the Imperial Army, began attacking foreign embassies in Beijing and Tianjin. In Beijing, the embassies of Great Britain, the United States, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Russia, and Japan were all located in the Legation Quarter near the Forbidden City. Anticipating such a move, a mixed force of 435 marines from eight countries had been sent to reinforce the embassy guards. As the Boxers approached, the embassies were quickly linked into a fortified compound. Those embassies located outside of the compound were evacuated, with the staff taking refuge inside. On June 20, the compound was surrounded and attacks began. Across town, the German envoy, Klemens von Ketteler, was killed trying to escape the city. The following day, Cixi declared war on all of the Western powers, however, her regional governors refused to obey and a larger war was avoided. In the compound, the defense was led by the British ambassador, Claude M. McDonald. Fighting with small arms and one old cannon, they managed to keep the Boxers at bay. This cannon became known as the International Gun, as it had a British barrel, an Italian carriage, fired Russian shells, and was served by Americans. The First Attempt to Relieve the Legation Quarter To deal with the Boxer threat, an alliance was formed between Austria-Hungary, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, Great Britain, and the United States. On June 10, an international force of 2,000 Marines was dispatched from Takou under British Vice Admiral Edward Seymour to aid Beijing. Moving by rail to Tianjin, they were forced to continue on foot as the Boxers had severed the line to Beijing. Seymours column advanced as far Tong-Tcheou, 12 miles from Beijing, before being forced to retreat due to stiff Boxer resistance. They arrived back at Tianjin on June 26, having suffered 350 casualties. Second Attempt to Relieve the Legation Quarter With the situation deteriorating, the members of the Eight-Nation Alliance sent reinforcements to the area. Commanded by British Lieutenant-General Alfred Gaselee, the international army numbered 54,000. Advancing, they captured Tianjin on July 14. Continuing with 20,000 men, Gaselee pressed on for the capital. Boxer and Imperial forces next made a stand at Yangcun where they assumed a defensive position between the Hai River and a railroad embankment.  Enduring intense temperatures which led to many Allied soldiers falling out of the ranks, British, Russian, and American forces attacked on August 6. In the fighting, American troops secured the embankment and found that many of the Chinese defenders had fled.  The remainder of the day saw the Allies engage the enemy in a series of rearguard actions. Arriving at Beijing, a plan was quickly developed which called for each major contingent to assault a separate gate in the citys eastern wall.  While the Russians struck in the north, the Japanese would attack to the south with the Americans and British below them.  Deviating from the plan, the Russians moved against the Dongen, which had been assigned to the Americans, around 3:00 AM on August 14.  Though they breached the gate, they were quickly pinned down.  Arriving on the scene, the surprised Americans shifted 200 yards south.  Once there, Corporal Calvin P. Titus volunteered to scale the wall to secure a foothold on the ramparts.  Successful, he was followed by the remainder of the American forces.  For his bravery, Titus later received the Medal of Honor. To the north, the Japanese succeeded in gaining access to the city after a sharp fight while further south the British penetrated into Beijing against minimal resistance. Pushing towards the Legation Quarter, the British column dispersed the few Boxers in the area and reached their goal around 2:30 PM.  They were joined by the Americans two hours later. Casualties among the two columns proved extremely light with one of the wounded being Captain Smedley Butler.  With the siege of the legation compound relieved, the combined international force swept the city the next day and occupied the Imperial City. Over the next year, a second German-led international force conducted punitive raids throughout China. Boxer Rebellion Aftermath Following the fall of Beijing, Cixi sent Li Hongzhang to begin negotiations with the alliance. The result was the Boxer Protocol which required the execution of ten high-ranking leaders who had supported the rebellion, as well as payment of 450,000,000 taels of silver as war reparations. The Imperial governments defeat further weakened the Qing Dynasty, paving the way for its overthrow in 1912. During the fighting, 270 missionaries were killed, along with 18,722 Chinese Christians. The allied victory also led to further partitioning of China, with the Russians occupying Manchuria and the Germans taking Tsingtao.

The dark side of uhckleberry finn Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The dark side of uhckleberry finn - Essay Example The dark side of the story and of Huckleberry Finn himself is the central dilemma for Finn regarding what he should do with the escaped slave and his friend, Jim. Slavery and the ownership of one man by another was an accepted fact in the times and Huckleberry Finn is actually troubled by the concept that he is aiding and abetting an escaped slave (Bennett, 1974). His conscious is bothering him since civil duties and civic responsibilities ask him to return his friend to the master so he can be punished for his behavior while loyalty asks him to continue to help his buddy get to eventual freedom. Huck discusses this dilemma and debates it with himself when he says: â€Å"I tried to make out to myself that I warn’t to blame, because I didn’t run Jim off from his rightful owner; but it warn’t no use, conscience up and say, every time: ‘But you knowed he was running for his freedom, and you could a paddled ashore and told somebody (Wikisource, 2006).† F urther on in the passage Huck says: Conscience says to me: ‘What had poor Miss Watson done to you, that you could see her nigger go off right under your eyes and never say one single word? What did that poor old woman do to you, that you could treat her so mean? I got to feeling so mean and so miserable I most wished I was dead (Wikisource, 2006).† Huck is placed in the same dilemma again when he learns that Jim wants to steal his wife and children as well. Of course we can certainly appreciate the motives of Jim since he wishes to have his family with him and be free from the bondage of slavery but again Huckleberry Finn asks himself if he is doing the right thing by taking another man’s property (Bennett, 1974). While Finn is not above petty theft, he draws the line when it comes to real valuable property i.e. slaves, inheritance and entertainment money which belong to someone else. Essentially, it had

Positive and negative aspects of e-business for traditional retailing Essay

Positive and negative aspects of e-business for traditional retailing and whole-selling organisations - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that e-business or e-commerce is a significant trend in today’s business environment which is fundamentally facilitating change in the method of conducting commercial activities. E-business provides exceptional opportunities for retail and wholesale organisations by helping to overcome the geographic limitations. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) can mainly benefit from e-business through collecting valuable information easily, promoting themselves through the internet and serving consumers in new markets with comparatively little cost than traditional business practices. E-business refers utilisation of information and communication technology (ICT) in the business environment which comprises knowledge and data exchange, web advertisements, online ordering and real–time delivery information among others. E-business implementation makes retail and wholesale organisations to rearrange the business procedures and to distribute goods and services more competently and effectually. However, despite rapid and sustained development of e-business several retail stores and wholesale organisations are still in the investment and brand development stage and have not utilised the benefits properly. E-businesses usually concentrate on the visual appearance and ease of use of their portals as a primary way for enlarging the customer base. The impact of e-business on retail stores and wholesale organisations is determined by the level to which they match the present retailing as a substitute channel or swaps existing networks. Environmental forces such as demographical, cultural, lifestyle, fashions, economic and political pressures and other commercial expansions impact the future possibility and practice of e-business in retail and whole-sale organisations. E-business is simply an enabler which results in retail or wholesale procedure innovation, where the products and the goods remain same. E-business acts as a re placement network which has resulted in fundamental alterations in shopping practices (Burt & Sparks, 2003). Positive Impact

High Performance Liquid Chromatography Experiment

High Performance Liquid Chromatography Experiment INTRODUCTION Pharmaceutical Analysis may be defined as the application of analytical procedures used to determine the purity, safety and quality of drugs and chemicals. The term Pharmaceutical analysis is otherwise called quantitative pharmaceutical chemistry. Pharmaceutical analysis includes both qualitative and quantitative analysis of drugs and pharmaceutical substances starts from bulk drugs to the finished dosage forms. In the modern practice of medicine, the analytical methods are used in the analysis of chemical constituents found in human body whose altered concentrations during disease states serve as diagnostic aids and also used to analyze the medical agents and their metabolites found in biological system. Qualitative inorganic analysis seeks to establish the presence of given element or inorganic compound in a sample. Qualitative organic analysis seeks to establish the presence of a given functional group or organic compound in a sample. Quantitative Quantitative analysis seeks to establish the amount of a given element or compound in a sample. The term quality as applied to a drug product has been defined as the sum of all factors, which contribute directly or indirectly to the safety, effectiveness and reliability of the product. These properties are built into drug products through research and during process by procedures collectively referred to as Quality control. Quality control guarantees with in reasonable limits that a drug products Is free of impurities. Is physically and chemically stable Contains the amount of active ingredients as stated on the label and Provides optimal release of active ingredients when the product is administered. Most modern analytical chemistry is categorized by two different approaches such as analytical targets or analytical methods. INTRODUCTION FOR CHROMATOGRAPHY: High performance liquid chromatography is the process, which seperates mixture containing two or more components under high pressure. In this the stationary phase is packed in column one end of which is attached to a source of pressurized liquid mobile phase. High performance liquid chromatography is the fasted growing analytical technique for the analysis of drug. Its simplicity, high specificity and wide range of sensitivity makes its ideal for the analysis of many drugs in both dosage form and biologic fluids. HPLC is also known as High performance liquid chromatography. It is essential form column chromatography in which the stationary phase is consists of a small particles (3-5o µm) packing contained in a column with a small bore (2-5mm), one end of which is attached to source of pressurized liquid eluent(mobile phase). Different Types of Principles: According to the phases involved, HPLC can be classified into several types, which are as follows: Normal Phase Chromatography (NPC) Reverse Phase Chromatography (RPC) Liquid Solid Chromatography or adsorption HPLC Liquid Liquid Chromatography or Partition HPLC Ion exchange Chromatography or Ion exchange HPLC Size exclusion or gel permeation or steric exclusion HPLC 1. Normal Phase Chromatography (NPC): In normal phase chromatography, the stationary phase is more polar then the mobile phase, and the mobile phase is a mixture of organic solvents with out added water (e.g. isopropane with hexane) and the column packing is either an inorganic adsorbent (silica) are a polar bonded phase (cyanno, diol, amino) on a silica support. Sample retention in normal phase chromatography increases with the polarity of mobile phase decreases. They are eluted in the order of increasing polarities. 2. Reverse Phase Chromatography (RPC): In reverse-phase chromatography, the stationary phase is less polar than the mobile phase and the mobile phase is a mixture of organic and aqueous phase. Reverse-phase chromatography is typically more convenient and rugged than the other forms of liquid chromatography and is more likely to result in a satisfactory final separation. High performance RPC columns are efficient, stable and reproducible. In this, the solutes are eluted in the order of their decreasing polarities. These are prepared by treating the surface silanol group of site with an organic chloro silane reagent. INSTRUMENTATION: RECORDER SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF HPLC a. Pumps: Pumps are required to deliver a constant flow of mobile phase at pressures ranging from 1 550 bar pumps capable of pressure up to 6000 psi provide a wide range of flow rates of mobile phase, typically from 0.01-10ml min-1. Low flow rates (10-100à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ­l min-1) are used with micro bore columns, intermediate flow rates (0.5-2ml min-1) are used with conventional analytical HPLC columns, and fast flow rates are used for preparative or semi preparative columns and for slurry packing techniques. Mechanical pumps of the reciprocating piston type view a pulsating supply of mobile phase. A damping device is there fore required to smooth out the pulses so that excessive noise at high levels of sensitivity or low pressure does not detract from detection of small quantities of sample. This type of pump is mostly used. Dual piston reciprocating pumps produce an almost pulse free flow because the two pistons are carefully faced so that as one is filling the other is pumping. These pumps are more expensive than single piston pumps but are of benefit when using a flow sensitive detector such as ultraviolet or refractive index detector. b. Injection Systems: Injection ports are of two basic types, (A) those in which the sample with injected directly into the column and (B) those in which the sample is deposited before the column inlet and then swept by a valving action into the column by the mobile phase. c. Columns: HPLC columns are made of high quality stainless steel, polish internally to a mirror finish. Standard analytical columns are 4-5 mm internal diameter and 10-30 cm in length. Shorted columns (3-6 cm) containing a smaller particles size packing material (3 or 5 à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ­m) produce similar or better efficiencies, in terms of the number of theoretical plates (about 7000), that those of 20 cm columns containing 10 à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ­m irregular particles and are used an short analysis time and highest throughput of samples are required. Micro bore columns of 1-2 mm internal diameter and 10-25 cm in length have certain advantages of lower detection limits and lower consumption of solvent, the latter being important if expensive HPLC grade solvents are used. HPLC are also being carried out on the semi preparative scales by using columns of 7-10 mm or 20-40 mm internal diameter respectively. d. Detectors: The most widely used detectors for liquid chromatography are Detector Analytes Solvent Requirements Comments UV-Visible Any with chromophores UV-grade non UV absorbing solvents Has degree of selectivity and useful for many HPLC applications Fluorescence Fluorescent compounds UV-grade non UV absorbing solvents Highly selective and sensitive, often used to analyze derivitized compounds Refractive index Compounds with different RI than mobile phase Cannot run mobile phase gradients Limited sensitivity Conductivity Charged or polar compounds Mobile phase must be conducting Excellent for ion exchange compounds Electrochemical Readily oxidized or reduced compounds, specially biological samples Mobile phase must be conducting Very selective and sensitive Mass-Spectrometer Broad range compounds Must use volatile solvents or volatile buffers Highly sensitive. Many modes available. Needs trained person Theoretical principles of HPLC: a. Retention time: The time is required between the injection point and the peak maximum is called the retention time. It is denoted as the Rt. It is mainly useful for the qualitative analysis for the identification of compound. b. Capacity factor: It represents the molar ratio of the compound in the stationary phase and the mobile phase. It is independent of column length and mobile phase flow rate. It is denoted as the k. It should be kept 1-10. If k values are too low it is likely that the solutes may be adequately resolved and for high k values the analysis time is too long. It can be calculated by tr t0 k = - t0 tr = Retention time, t0 = Dead time. c. Tailing factor: Closer study of a chromatographic show that the Gaussian forms is usually not completely symmetrical. The graph spread out to a greater or lesser extent, forming a tail. It reduces the column plate number which intern influences the resolution. Tailing is mainly due to deteriorated column, overloading column, extra column-volumes, and incompatibility of sample with standard and/or mobile phase. Practically it can be calculated or determined at 10% of the total peak height. It must not be greater than 2.0 d. Resolution: The degree of separation of one component from another is described by the resolution. It is generally denoted by Rs. It is measured as the difference in retention time and the arithmetic mean of the two peak widths. tr2 tr1 Rs = 0.5(w1 + w2) tr2 = Retention time of first peak w1 = width of first peak tr1 = Retention time of second peak w2 = width of second peak e. Theoretical plates: It is important property of the column. It reflects its quality of separation and its ability to produce sharp, narrow peak and achieving good resolution of peak. N denotes it. 3500 X L (cm) Theoretical plates = - dp( µm) L = length of the column in cm, dp = diameter of the particle ( µm) It follows that if the exchange is fast and efficient, the theoretical plate will be small in size and there will be large number of plates in the column. f. Height equivalent to theoretical plate (HETP): Number of plates directly proportional to the column length (L) and inversely proportional to the diameter of the particles (dp). The value of H is a criterion for the quality of a column. Lower the HETP, higher is the efficiency of the column. Its value depends upon particle size, flow rate, viscosity of mobile phase. H = L/N L = Length of column, N = No. of theoretical plate HPLC method development: The wide variety of equipment, columns, eluent and operational parameters involved makes high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method development seem complex. The main objective of method development is to obtain a good separation with minimum time and effort. Based on the goal of separation, the method development is preceded. The steps involved are: Information on sample, define separation goals Need for special HPLC procedure, sample pretreatment, etc. Choose detector and detector settings Choose LC method, preliminary run; Estimate best separation conditions Optimize separation conditions Check for problems or requirement for special procedure Validation for release to routine laboratory The following must be considered when developing an HPLC method: Keep it simple Try the most common columns and stationary phases first Thoroughly investigate binary mobile phases before going on to ternary Think of the factors that are likely to be significant in achieving the desired resolution. Mobile phase composition, for example, is the most powerful way of optimizing selectivity whereas temperature has a minor effect and would only achieve small selectivity changes. pH will only significantly affect the retention of weak acids and bases. VALIDATION OF ANALYTICAL METHOD IN PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS: Validation is documented evidence, which is completed to ensure that an analytical method is accurate, reproducible and robust over the specific range. The quality of the analytical data is a key factor in the success of a drug development program. The process of method development and validation has a direct impact on the quality of these data. Method validation: Method validation is the process to confirm that analytical procedure employed for a specific test is suitable for its intended use. Method needs to be validated or revalidated Before their introduction into routine use Whenever the conditions changes for which the method has been validated , e.g., instrument with different characteristics Whenever the method is changed, and the change is outside the original scope of the method. Depending on the use of the assay, different parameters will have to be measured during the assay validation. ICH and several regulatory bodies and Pharmacopoeia have published information on the validation of analytical procedures METHOD VALIDATION PARAMETERS: SPECIFICITY. ACCURACY. PRECISION. LINEARITY. ROBUSTNESS. SOLUTION STABILITY. The goal of the validation process is to challenge the method and determine the limit of allowed variability for the conditions needed to run the method. The following statistical parameters are to be determined to validate the developed method. Correlation coefficient(r): When the changes in one variable are associated or followed by changes in the other, it is called correlation. The numerical measure of correlation is called the coefficient of correlation and is defined by the relation. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å" (x x) (y -y) r = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å"(x -x) 2 à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å"(y -y Regression equation: Regression equation= I + aC Y2 Y1 a = slope = X2 X1 I = Intercept = regression a C As a percentage of mean absorbance. 3. Standard Deviation: S = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å" (X- X!) 2/N 1 Where, X = observed values X! = Arithmetic mean = à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å"X/N N = Number of deviations For practical interpretation it is more convenient to express S in terms of percent of the approximate average of the range of analysis is used in the calculation of S. This is called co-efficient of variation (C.V) or percent relative standard deviation (%RSD). C.V OR %RSD = 100* S/ X! Criteria for Validation of the Method CHARACTERISTICS ACCEPTABLE RANGE Specificity No Interference Accuracy Recovery (98-102%) Precision RSD Linearity Correlation Coefficient(r)>0.99 Range 80-120% Stability >24h or >12h DRUG PROFILE RIZATRIPTAN BENZOATE: Structure: Chemical name : N,N diethyl -5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-1-ylmetyl)-1H Indole-3 Ethanamine monobenzoate Molecular Formula : C15H19N5.C6H5COOH Molecular weight : 391.47 Description: White crystalline powder Melting point: 178-1800C Solubility: Sparingly soluble in water and methanol Storage: Air tight container protect from light. Drug Category: Anti migraine drug THERAPEUTIC RATIONAL RIZATRIPTAN BENZOATE: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Mechanism of action: Rizatriptan binds with high affinity to human 5-HTIB and 5-HTID receptors leading to cranial blood vessel constriction. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Completely absorbed from GI tract, absolute bioavailability is 45% plasma peak concentration attained with in 1-1.5 hours (conventional tablet )or 1.6-2.5 hours (orally disintegrating tablet)after oral administration. Distribution: Crosses placenta and is distributed in to milk in animal, no studies in pregnant or nursing women. Metabolism: Metabolized principally via oxidative deamination by Mao-A to an inactive indole acetic acid metabolite Elimination: Excreted principally in urine(14% of dose as unchanged drug and 51 % a indole acetic acid metabolite Adverse effects: Dry mouth Dizziness Pain tightness/pressure in neck/throat/jaw. Nausea Chest pain Parasthesia Fatigue Dosage and administration: The dose range of Rizatriptan benzoate is 10-30mg orally once daily.Rizatriptan benzoate can be administer orally disintegrating tablet with out meals. LITERATURE REVIEW Sasmitha Kumar et al: has been developed UV spectroscopic method for estimation of Rizatriptan benzoate.The drug shows maximum absorption at 277 nm and 281 nm and obeys beer-lamberts law in the concentration of 0.5-20  µg/ml at 277 nm and 0.5-80  µg/ml at 281 nm respectively. The percentage recovery was found to be 97-100%. Madhukar et al; has been developed reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of Rizatriptan benzoate. The proposed method utilized column L1 inertsil ODS-3v, 250 nmx4.6 mm having particle size, 5 µm. The mobile phases were comprised of A, B of Acetonitrile and buffer pH 6.5 at UV detection 225 nm.The method shows recovery 96.64-97.71 Sachin jagthap et al; has been developed stability indicating reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of Rizatriptan benzoate in bulk powder and in pharmaceutical formulations. The method utilizes c18 column having dimension 250mmx4.6 mm having particle size,5.0  µm using a mobile phase 0.01M sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer: Methanol , at a flow rate 1ml/min at ambient temperature and detected at 225 nm.and the method was validated according to ICH guidelines Quizi zhang et al: has been developed, a high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of Rizatriptan benzoate in human plasma.using asingle step liqid liqid extraction with metyl tertiary butyl ether, the analytes separated usig amobile phase consisting of 0.05%v/v triehylamine in water adjusting ph 2.75 with 85% phosphoric acid and acetonitrile.fluroscence detection was performed at an excitation wavelength of 225 nm and an emission wavelength of 360 nm.The linearity for rizatriptan was within the concentration range of 0.5-50ng/ml. Rajendra Kumar et al: has been developed and validated stability a stability indicating high performance liquid chromatographic method for Rizatriptan benzoate.The force degradation studies were performed on bulk sample of Rizatriptan benzoate. The method utilizes a zorbax SB-CN column with dimension of 250 mmx4.6 mm, 5um column. The mobile phase consists of a mixture of aqueous potassium dihydrogen ortho phosphate (ph3.4), acetonitrile and methanol. Rauza bagh et al: has been developed a spectroscopic method for analysis of Rizatriptan benzoate in bulk and tablet dosage form. The Rizatriptan benzoate shows maximum absorbance at 225 nm. Beers law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1-10 µg/ml. AIM AND PLAN OF WORK The present aim is to develop a new simple and rapid analytical method to estimate the Rizatriptan benzoate The plan of the proposed work includes the following steps: To undertake solubility studies for analytical studies of Rosuvastatin calcium Develop initial chromatographic conditions. Setting up of initial chromatographic conditions for the assay of Rosuvastatin calcium Optimization of initial chromatographic conditions. Validation of the developed HPLC Analytical method according to ICH method validation parameters. EXPERIMENTAL NEW RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF RIZATRIPTAN BENZOATE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM A simple reverse phase HPLC methods was developed for the determination of Rizatriptan benzoate in tablet dosage form. Zorbax Eclipse XBD C18 (250 cm ÃÆ'- 4.6 mm) column in isocratic mode with mobile phase Buffer ph 5.0: Methanol (80:20) was used and pH-3 adjusted with tri ethylamine. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and UV detection at 225nm. The retention time 3.0 min. The proposed method was also validated. EXPERIMENTAL 1. Instrumentation: Shimadzu LC-10A HPLC Vacuum pump Gelmon science Elico SL-164 double beam UV-Visible spectrophotometer Ultra sonicator 3.5L 100(pci) 2. Chemicals: Water HPLC grade Methanol HPLC grade (Merck) Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate(AR Grade) Triethylamine (AR Grade) 5.1 OPTIMIZATION: 1. Selection of wavelength: After solubility study for the drug solvent was selected and appropriate concentration of Rizatriptan benzoate standards with solvent were prepared. The solution were then scanned by using doubl beam UV-Visible spectrophotometer the range between 200-400nm.The overlain spectra for the both drug were observed and maximum wavelength was finally selected. 2. Selection of mobile phase: To develop a prà ©cised and robust HPLC method for determination of Rizatriptan benzoate , its standard solution were injected in the HPLC system. After literature survey and solubility data different composition of mobile phase of different flow rates were employed in order to determine the best condition for effective separation of drugs. 3. Selection of column: Initially different C8 and C18 columns were tried for selected composition of mobile phase and quality of peaks were observed for the drugs. Finally the column was fixed upon the satisfactory results of various system suitability parameters such as column efficiency, retention time, tailing factor / peak asymmetry of the peaks. Other parameters such as flow rate, column temperature etc. were selected by varying its value up to certain levels and results were observed. The value at satisfactory results were obtained has been selected for the method. The final selection of chromatographic conditions as follows Optimized chromatographic conditions Preparation of Buffer ph 5.0: Dissove 2.76 gm of potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate in 1000ml of HPLC water plus 5.0 mlof Triethylamine. Mix and adjust PH 5.0 with orthophosporic acid. Filter with 0.45u nylon filter. Preparation of mobile phase: The mobile phase was prepared by mixing Buffer: Methanol (80:20). the solution was then filtered through 0.45ÃŽÂ ¼m membrane filter and sonicated. Preparation of standard stock solution: Standard solution of the pure drug was prepared by dissolving 73.0 mg of Rizatriptan benzoate in 100ml volumetric flask. The drugs were dissolved by using mobile phase as a diluent. Add about 50ml of diluent and sonicate to dissolve. Make up the volume with diluent. Mix well. Further dilute 5.0ml of the above solution to 250ml with diluent, mix well. Preparation of sample solution: Weight and transfer 10 intact tablet in into a100ml volumetric flask. Add about 50ml of diluent and sonicate for 15 min and make up the volume with diluent. Mix well, filter through 25 mm 0.45 u nylon , discard 4ml filtrate. Further dilute 5ml of the solution to 250 ml with diluent and mix well. CONCLUSION The evaluation of obtained values suggests that the proposed HPLC methods provide simple, precise, rapid and robust quantitative analytical method for determination of Rizatriptan benzoate in tablet dosage form. The mobile phase is simple to prepare and economical. After validating proposed method as per ICH guidelines and correlating obtained values with the standard values, satisfactory results were obtained. Hence, the method can be easily and conveniently adopted for routine estimation of Rizatriptan benzoate in tablet dosage form.

Anti-Aging Cream Goes Young

|Anti-ageing cream goes young | |2 Jun 2008, 0155 hrs IST, Amit Sharma,  TNN | | | | | | |  Print   | | | | |  EMail   | | | | |  Discuss | | | | |  Share | | | | |  Save | | | | |  Comment | | | | |Text:[pic] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |NEW DELHI: When consumer products major Hindustan Unilever (HUL) recently relaunched its Pond’s anti-aging skin cream range, it was not | | | | |only   | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |launching a ‘new-improved’ version of the product but also responding to a larger change in the core target consumers of anti-aging | | | | |products — from the middle-aged 35-40-years-old women to 20-something girls, yes, but even men too! | | | | | | | | | |Says Oriflame India national sales manager Shilpa Ajwani: â€Å"Today, we have customers in the 20-years-plus age group who start preventive | | | | |skin care through anti-aging creams and while women are still the larger consumer base, there is faster growth in demand for anti-aging | | | | |products by men too. This is unlike the scenario sometime back when classically 40-years-plus women were our target customers. †Ã‚   | | | | | | | | | |The company launches about six anti-aging products a month, which now account for over a quarter of its sales in India. | | | | | | | | | |Cosmetics are conventionally bundled into three categories — skin lightning, moisturising and anti-aging. Market research firm ACNielsen | | | | |puts the anti-aging cosmetic market in India at over Rs 60 crore. Though just over 2% of the country’s Rs 3,000-crore skin care market, | | | | |the anti-aging segment is the fastest growing at 93% year-on-year. | | | | | | | | |Anti-aging cosmetics include products as diverse as anti-aging lipsticks and eye balms, facial creams, hair lotions and  foot  creams. | | | | |Consumers pay Rs 500-6,000 for such products from brands like Mary Kay, Revlon, Schwarzkopf, Procter & Gamble, HUL, et al. | | | | | | | | | |Schwarzkopf Professional country head Mu rali Sundar confirms anti-aging products’ age defying trend: â€Å"With time, usage of anti-aging | | | | |products has got little to do with a person’s age. Rising consumer awareness means that people in their late twenties have started buying | | | | |our anti-aging hair care products. While the bulk of our customers are still women, men are fast waking up to hair-care. †Ã‚   | | | | | | | | | |While busy lifestyles and concomitant stress hasten skin aging, rising incomes and awareness are facilitating fast consumer adoption of | | | | |anti-aging products. But that’s not all, for there is also another important factor at play here. Consumers today opt to prevent and | | | | |correct rather than repair at a later stage. Marketers are quick to spot this trend and are responding appropriately. | | | | | | | | |Says HUL skin care category head Venkat Shridhar: â€Å"Today, sales of bulk of our anti-aging creams come from 28-30-years-old women. Personal| | | | |care spends have increased a lot in the past 3-4 years. Easy access to parlours, supermarkets and greater exposure to media have led | | | | |people to spend more on hygiene and  beauty. Hence, all our communication also highlights prevention as the way out to delay aging. †Ã‚   | | | | | | | | | |Agrees Mary Kay India senior marketing manager Nirupama Rao: â€Å"Anti-aging products have ceased to be prescriptive in nature. Today, they | | | | |are used for preventive purposes. Consumers realise that they help in delaying the damage caused due to aging. †Ã‚   | | | | | | | | | |Though the current penetration of anti-aging products is low, marketers see huge potential in the category and are prioritising for its | | | | |growth. Says Devendra Shinde, marketing head, Kaya Skin Clinic, Marico’s 56-store strong skin-care division: â€Å"Our age control Botox and | | | | |Fillers treatments have grown up to four times in the last year. | | | | |Currently, age control packages account for 15% of our revenues and are expected to grow even more robustly.    | | | | | | | | | |â€Å"We are witnessing a 30% year-on-year growth in the anti-aging segment. The age of consumers of anti-aging cosmetics is coming down | | | | |rapidly and there is increased penetration of these products in India. This segment is expected to contribute substantially to our | | | | |growth,† says Revlon India marketing director Deepak Bhandari. The company markets it s anti-aging products under the Revlon Reveal brand, | | | | |priced Rs 350-750. | | | |

Four Mini Case Studies in Entrepreneurship - 4020 Words

Case Studies Engineering Subject Centre Case Studies: Four Mini Case Studies in Entrepreneurship February 2006 Authorship These case studies were commissioned by the Engineering Subject Centre and were written by:  · Liz Read, Development Manager for Enterprise and Entrepreneurship (Students) at Coventry University Edited by Engineering Subject Centre staff. Published by The Higher Education Academy  ­ Engineering Subject Centre ISBN 978 ­1 ­904804 ­43 ­7  © 2006 The Higher Education Academy  ­ Engineering Subject Centre Contents Foreword ...................................................................................................5 1 Bowzo: a Case Study in Engineering Entrepreneurship ...............6 2 Daniel†¦show more content†¦The Market To help explore the initial reactions of violin teaching professionals across the world, to what appeared to be a brilliant solution to a longstanding problem, both Larry and Jim felt that independent marketing expertise was needed at an early stage. Some staggering facts emerged, not least that more than half a million new violins are bought throughout the world each year. This probably means that almost another half a million second hand violins are bought too, leading to lots of lessons for many students keen to learn fast. The most likely route to market was identified as via the traditional wholesaler/distributor to retailer network. 6 Engineering Subject Centre Four Mini Case Studies in Entrepreneurship Initial research indicated that there was a market for a low cost, easy to use device and thus the design engineering and manufacturing priorities were set. University support mechanisms The market research was supplemented by further inputs from the University’s Design Institute which provided a specialist support programme for small to medium sized enterprises. This included a comprehensive range of services featuring marketing advice, product design and innovation processes as well as financial management and technology transfer. Jim was impressed. â€Å"The range of services available from the Design Institute is fantastic; we were able to put the engineering issues on the table and deal with them in a wider teamShow MoreRelatedAmusement And Leisure Industries And Indoor Playground Sector1483 Words   |  6 PagesAMUSEMENT AND LEISURE INDUSTRIES OR INDOOR PLAYGROUND SECTOR Amusement centres include indoor play centres, amusement machine centres, mini-golf centres, go-kart venues and similar operations. At the end of June 2001, there were 288 businesses operating amusement centres in 384 locations. Most operations (236) were carried out at in capital cities and suburbs. Of the 384 locations, more than a third (138) were amusement machine centres. The amusement centres employed 2,793 people, the majority (61%)Read MoreResearch Mini Golf4652 Words   |  19 Pagesintroduction The main subject of this hospitality research project is entrepreneurship. This subject was chosen for several reasons: both the authors would like to set up a business in future, they have the ambition to have a company of their own, they like to manage, and use creativity to come up with an original concept. To narrow the subject down one specific subject is chosen. Moreover, the concept of starting a mini golf* company in Elim, Drenthe was selected. The reason for choosing thisRead MoreKjnn3949 Words   |  16 PagesNOVA SOUTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY H. Wayne Huizenga School of Business and Entrepreneurship Masters Programs FIN 5080 – APPLYING MANGERIAL FINANCE APPENDIX A– WEEKEND FORMAT INTRODUCTORY REMARKS: This syllabus comprises of two parts: 1) the MAIN Syllabus; and 2) the appendix that pertains to the format of your class (Appendix A = Weekend format; Appendix B = Day format; Appendix C = Online; and Appendix D = Week Night). Each class, regardless of format, will have a Course Website, whichRead MoreCase Study Woody 20002601 Words   |  11 PagesCustom Woodworking Company—Woody 2000 Case Study Summarize the Case The Custom Woodworking Company is a small-to-medium sized custom furniture and cabinet making company located in Someplace, British Columbia. It is represented by Ron Carpenter, CEO, his wife Emelia Carpenter, the president and their sonRead MoreEntrepreneurial Spirit Among East Asian Chinese9960 Words   |  40 Pagescontribute to economic growth (Kilby, 1971; Stewart, 1996). In the US, it is estimated that some 70% of all new products and 80% of all new jobs each year result from the small business/entrepreneurial sector (Hisrich Grachev, 1993). Research on entrepreneurship demonstrates that individuals with an entrepreneurial spirit—the desire to capitalize on opportunities by undertaking wealth-creating and value-adding activities—possess several personality characteristics. Hornaday (1982), for instance, documentedRead MoreMcq Entreprenurship5346 Words   |  22 PagesChapter 1 The Foundations of Entrepreneurship    Multiple Choice Questions:    1. A recent study by Ernst and Young found that 78% of influential Americans believe that entrepreneurship will be the defining trend of this century. The entrepreneurial opportunity that topped their list was: a. the Internet b. globalization c. downsizing of corporate America d. None of the above.    Read MoreOverview of the Blue Ocean Strategy3665 Words   |  15 PagesStrategy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.07 Blue Ocean Strategy A Dynamic Process†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦08 Blue Ocean Creations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦09 Blue Ocean Strategy Build Brands†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 Blue Oceans: Past, Present and Future†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦11 Mini Case Study: Crocs Incorporation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 Introduction Blue Ocean Strategy (BOS) is a new concept in strategic management, introduced by Professor W. Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne in 2004. After doing detailed research, Kim and Mouborgne foundRead MoreBusiness Enterprise Management10394 Words   |  42 PagesManaging Entrepreneurship, Innovation amp; Creativity UGB 234 Module leader- William Ang ‘awa Tutor- Christopher Bushell Assignment title: Managing the New Enterprise Report/ Portfolio Sarah Cooper Student number- My Experiences Sarah Cooper visiting the National Glass Centre in Sunderland to view other’s creative and innovative work Sarah Cooper at the Stadium of light Learner Launch Event for Aimhigher Associates and mentees. An opportunity to get to know each other. SarahRead MoreCoca Cola Human Resources5512 Words   |  23 Pagesat the right time (Bergeron, 2004:133). As stated in the case study, Coca-Cola places considerable emphasis on talent management. The following discussion outlines the components of talent management (acquisition, cultivation, retention and organizing abilities) and highlights how Coca-Cola subscribes and aligns itself to the above definition of talent management. 2. Discussion: 1. How Coca-Cola acquires its staff: The case study states that Coca-Cola recruits staff members via referralsRead MoreSarasvathy, Causation and Effectuation-Toward a Theoretical Shift from Economic Inevitability to14504 Words   |  59 Pagesand principles to create the firm. But usually all the entrepreneur knows when he or she starts out is something very general, such as the desire to make lots of money or to create a valuable legacy like a lasting institution, or, more common, All four questions listed here can be addressed through a general theory of effectual reasoning, the main elements of which are explicated in this article. However, given the cognitive and spatial limits of a single journal article, I focus on the first question

Christian Holy War And Jihad - 1471 Words

The first Crusades that took place in the 11th century that attempted to recapture the Holy Land of Jerusalem, called upon by Pope Urban II could be considered a Christian Holy similar to Muslim’s calling for Jihad. Jihad in Islamic practice is a Holy War fought by Muslims to guard and/or spread their belief as a civic duty. Through the effort to take back Jerusalem from the Muslims, the Pope was calling the Roman Catholics in Europe to militarily conquer the Holy Land and ultimately resulted in the Christians recapturing Jerusalem in 1099. The parallel seen between this Christian Holy War and Jihad is that both goals are to spread their respected religion. In An Account of Pope Urban’s Speech at Clermont, Pope Urban II broadcasts his call for the First Crusade in 1095 in France and in his speech Urban cites the need for Christian Empire to aid against Muslim empire. By doing this he is calling for Christian to rage a holy war against the Muslim to take back Jerusalem . The Chronicle of Solomon bar Simson, demonstrates the persecution that the Jewish community in the Rhineland in the early parts of 1096, the knights justification of killing the Jews were to support the focus on the goal of protecting Catholic interests in the Holy Land and that the Jews were always an enemy to the Christians. The Siege of Antioch discusses about Northern Syria whom is the largest and most formidable Muslim country on the way to Jerusalem was faced with hardship with god but through divineShow MoreRelatedMuslims Of The Third Crusade : Saint Or Saladin?1314 Words   |  6 Pageshabit of it, for blood never sleeps,† (Saladin). Saladin, leading the defense against the Christians, used this mindset while he triumphed in defending the Muslim’s territory. Yet, he also made sure that he and his men were thought of with great esteem, which is shown by when he exclaims that â€Å"I have become so great as I am because I have won men’s hearts by gentl eness and kindliness,† (Saladin). In a war that was preceded by the mess of the Second Crusade, it was necessary that each army wouldRead More The meaning and Concepts of Jihad Essay848 Words   |  4 PagesThe Holy of Holy Wars: Jihad In light of recent events in the global community, one word that is used frequently but rarely truly understood is the Islamic word Jihad. Jihad has become a very volatile word, so it is necessary that those who use it should understand exactly what it means, what it entails, and what significance it has in current global events. There are many interpretations of the word Jihad, but the most common literal translation from Arabic to English is struggle. ManyRead More The Changing Definition of Jihad Essay examples1994 Words   |  8 PagesJihad and the Crusades Every great historical moment, leader and religion is focused around a uniting influence. Saladin, a great Kurdish Muslim warrior during the time of the Crusades, and the Muslim armies employed the lesser, or violent jihad to fortify support and power in the Holy Lands. Throughout the eleventh and twelfth centuries the term â€Å"jihad† was used in several different contexts with varying meanings and intentions. Saladin used a favorable definition and interpretation of JihadRead More just war Essay2036 Words   |  9 Pages One of the oldest traditions in religious ethics is that of the just war. The quot;Just War Theoryquot; specifies under which conditions war is just. Opposition based on the Just War Theory differs from that of pacifists. Oppositionists oppose particular wars but not all war. Their opposition is based on principals of justice rather than principles of pacifism (Becker 926). In the monotheistic religious traditions of Christianity and Islam, one role of God (or Allah) is to limit or control aggressionsRead MoreThe Crusades And Its Effect On Modern Day Christianity Essay1676 Words   |  7 Pagesmany different religions. Religions such as, Islam and their use of Jihad or holy war which is used as an excuse to kill individuals they consider to be infidels . Hinduism and their caste system in which those of the lowest caste are considered untouchables, treated horribly, and ostracized by those of higher caste. Even Christianity is no stranger to the use of religion to further their own agenda. Christianity or Christians have done this many times throughout history . We saw it during theRead MoreReligion1264 Words   |  6 Pages Islam may be the most misunderstood religion in the United States. The impression that majority of non-Muslim Americans have is usually obtained through the media which typically represent Islamic countries or groups in the middle of a Holy War. These wars are usually waged by Islamic Fundamentalist who use terrorism and other violent acts to get their messages across giving Islam a negative reputation. Because of the lack of understanding of this highly visible religion, many conflicts ariseRead MoreChristian And Islamic Conceptions Of Holy War Essay2140 Words   |  9 PagesUrban II and his successors cast the expedition as a Holy War by drawing upon already established communal features. Pre-existing traditions that shaped the theological conceptions of Holy War emerged from diverse sources such as societal trends and the Emperor cults of the Roman Empire. Despite evidence depicting that established patterns influenced the evolution of Holy War, popular scholarship has displ ayed a striking tendency to portray jihad as endemic to Islam, while the crusades are often depictedRead MoreEssay on The Terrorists Attack on the World Trade Centre in New York1205 Words   |  5 Pages The terrorists attack on the World Trade Centre in New York on September 9, 2001 which changes the western concept about Islam and Muslims. Moreover, Islamic concept â€Å"Jihad† is criticized and it is questioned among Non-Muslims. 9/11 attack not only effects non-Muslims but also the Muslims who have no connections with the terrorist groups. As well as they do not support these terrorism. These Muslims face the hatred of the non-western people. They feel guilty about the Sin, they neitherRead MoreEssay about War in Christianity and Islam629 Words   |  3 PagesWar in Christianity and Islam Does such a combination of words as a war in the name of God make sense? The main principles, which underlie Christianity and Islam, are those of goodness, kindness, lack of aggression and respecting certain moral laws. Christianity and Islam provide human society with a code of ethics, which totally rejects war because it is something violent, inhumane and cruel. Still, over the course of human history many wars have been justified with religion and withRead MoreJesse Brassell. Mr Parrish. English Iii H. 3 March 2017.1549 Words   |  7 Pagesand rich, to carry aid promptly to those Christians and to destroy that vile race from the lands of our friends. I say this to those who are present, it meant also for those who are absent. Moreover, Christ commands it† - Pope Urban the II. The Pope ordered this mandate explicitly for the sake of Rescuing fellow Christians from invasion and persecution. The holy lands surrounding jerusalem and other provinces in northern Africa had been at a point Christian strongholds, they weren t converted peacefully